Newborn skills by month. Development of a baby up to one year old by month - what a child should be able to do in each month. th month of life

During the first year of life, parents and their baby go through a difficult journey. In 365 days, a newborn turns into a little person who shows emotions, masters new skills at lightning speed and begins to talk. The development of a child by month up to 1 year occurs in stages. With each new day, the baby gains new skills and pleases parents with new achievements.

It has been proven that every child is individual, so a child can master the skills listed in the calendar earlier or a little later. The most important development criteria are:

• weight gain (from 350 to 1 kilogram per month);
• height, chest circumference, head circumference;
• teething;
• static and motor functions.

Doctors try to derive norms for each criterion of physical development, but they fail. A child develops normally if his weight doubles by 6 months and triples by one year. The increase in growth also occurs at an accelerated rate of 3 centimeters per 30 days. By the age of one year, the baby becomes 25-30 centimeters taller.

In terms of physical indicators (weight, height, size), girls usually lag behind boys.

No less important development criteria are the circumference of the head and chest. By the age of one year, the chest should be larger than the head. Each baby's teeth erupt according to its own schedule; by 12 months there should be 6-10 of them.

Pediatricians most often pay attention only to the physical indicators of a child’s development, while neurologists ask questions about psycho-emotional indicators. Parents should pay attention:

• display of emotions;
• speech development;
• transition from reflexively grasping objects to consciously playing with them;
• understanding words and intonation of adults.

It is worth dwelling in detail on speech development. The newborn reacts to inconvenience with a cry, and later begins to show positive emotions with a smile. Parents can see the first smile while the child is sleeping; by 3 months it appears when the child is alert. As the baby grows, it begins to pronounce the first sounds, syllables, and words. It is considered normal if by the year there are about 10 stable but simple words.

In order for the development of the baby to correspond to his age, you can start working with him from a very early age. To maintain the pace of physical development, pediatricians advise following nutritional recommendations, doing light massage and gymnastics. Neurologists advise starting from the age of six months to play with the baby, read to him, and conduct developmental activities.

First month of life

The period from the birth of the baby to 1 month is an adaptation period. The newborn's organs continue to develop and their weight increases significantly. He sleeps most of the day, waking up only to feed or when there is physical discomfort. Crying appears with irritants:

• overfilled diaper;
• pain;
• hunger;
• cold or heat.

During the examination, pediatricians and neurologists check the presence of reflexes in the infant. In the first month of life, the following reflexes should be present: walking, sucking, swimming, searching, grasping. Over time, some of these reflexes are replaced by motor skills.

For the first weeks of life, it is most important to establish the nutrition of the newborn. He must gain at least 600 grams. For this purpose, breastfeeding or artificial feeding is used. It is not recommended to put the baby to the breast or give him formula by the hour. The ideal regime is to give him food on demand. In newborns up to a month, the feeling of hunger may occur every 1-3 hours, this interval persists at night.

Among the baby's skills you can notice attempts to hold his head from a position on his stomach, holding his gaze on stationary bright objects and reacting to loud sounds. You may notice that the child listens to your speech and tries to make vowels. For this reason, the mother is recommended to sing lullabies, pronounce her actions during daily procedures, and address the baby. Hang bright toys above the crib so he can train his eyes.

It is most important to establish close contact between mother and baby during the period from birth to one month of life. To do this, often put the baby to your breast, do not distance yourself from caring for him.

By the end of the first month of life, it is important to accustom the child to a daily routine. It should not be harsh, forcing the baby into a framework. You just need to maintain silence at night, use only dim lights. When waking up, the baby must understand that now is the time of night rest, not the best for prolonged wakefulness. If you don't sit at the computer or watch TV at night, your baby will quickly fall asleep.

Second month

In the second month, you may notice that the baby has become more alert. He reacts animatedly to the appearance of his mother: he begins to twitch his arms and legs. The baby begins to carefully examine the mother’s face and learns to read her emotions. He may be frightened by the following manifestations:

• anger;
• irritability;
• aggression;
• sadness

Mom may experience depression due to unstable hormonal levels. In order to overcome postpartum illness, remember that it is very important for a little person to have a calm, cheerful mother next to him. If you get upset for no reason, cry and get angry, then the baby will behave irritably. An emotional connection with their mothers gives children the opportunity to guess each other’s moods even at a distance. You may notice that the child is restless if you yourself cannot achieve a state of mental balance.

This age is characterized by: weight gain of at least 700 grams, height increase of about 3 centimeters. The newborn's conditioned reflexes begin to subside, and periods of wakefulness become longer. The baby may want to communicate at night, but during the day he spends 15 to 40 minutes without sleep every 2-3 hours. He begins to explore his hands, so strict swaddling should not be used. The baby begins to try to reach objects and studies the world around him with interest.

It is recommended to surround the baby with bright objects so that he looks at them. Place a rattle in your palm periodically. It also leads from one side to the other to help develop the skill of tracking with the eyes.

Third month

The third month is an important milestone in baby development. Place your baby on his tummy more often so he can exercise the muscles of his forearms, chest, and neck. He already confidently holds the head and begins to lift the upper part of the body for a better view. The prone position is preferable for the baby as it helps get rid of excess gases in the intestines. Do not let your baby lie on his side for a long time to prevent curvature of the spine.

If the baby was born in winter or autumn, then closer to three months he should be given a vitamin D solution. The dosage is indicated by the pediatrician, based on the physical condition of the child. In the summer, with regular long walks, there is no need to take the vitamin. Please note that the drug may cause allergies or cause side effects. Its overdose is dangerous. Give vitamins and any medications to children under one year of age only on the recommendation of a doctor.

The intervals between sleep and wakefulness can be up to one and a half hours. At this time the baby:

• actively babbles, chanting various sounds;
• curiously examines his surroundings;
• pulls the pacifier out of his mouth and tries to put it back;
• turns his head while lying on his stomach;
• begins to roll onto its side;
• shows emotions (laughs, smiles);
• screams when he needs attention;
• pulls toys into his mouth, tries to hit the rattle or reach for it.

The child’s knowledge of the body continues: he studies not only his hands, but also feels his face and legs. It is important to trim your baby’s nails during hygiene procedures so that he does not scratch himself. To ensure the baby’s development is harmonious, spend as much time with him as possible. Give your love and get busy.

In the third month of life, it is recommended to do light massage and basic gymnastics daily. Continue practicing with rattles. Make it more difficult for your baby by hiding the toy behind the side of the crib, and then showing it, attracting attention with sound. In the third month of life, the baby should turn his head towards the rattle and easily find it with his eyes.

Fourth month

At this age, the baby continues to develop vision, hearing and reactions. From a lying position on his stomach, he already stretches out his arms and tries to push off the support with his legs. The baby knows how to distinguish the mother from other people. He begins to be capricious if she has disappeared from his field of vision, and among all the adults he gives preference to her. For a woman, this age of the child is very difficult; she begins to feel very tired, as the baby asks to be held and is often awake at night.

Pediatricians recommend introducing the baby to music in the fourth month of life. Choose classical works, they have a calming effect on the nervous system. Sounds are an important part of this age. The baby tries to independently extract them from surrounding objects. To do this, he shakes the rattle and hits it against surrounding surfaces.

He continues to follow moving objects and gets acquainted with his reflection in the mirror with interest. His hands move more consciously. They grab toys and put them in their mouths. From a lying position on his back, the baby begins to try to sit up. But you shouldn’t sit him down before he does it on his own.

Fifth month

This age is characterized by a developmental leap. He begins to roll over from his stomach to his back and tries to return back. Most often this works out. Parents should be extremely careful, as the baby may fall from the bed or changing table. Babies begin to crawl, it is best if they do this in a crib or playpen. In warm spring or summer, you can lay a blanket on the floor to give the baby more space.

The main sign of normal development is the ability to recognize friends and strangers. When a stranger appears in the field of view, the baby begins to behave warily; he will not go into his arms. If you take a baby in your arms, he may show his dissatisfaction by screaming. The child can only calm down in the arms of his parents.

By the fifth month of life, the baby:

• confidently looks around the world from a prone position;
• plays while awake and while eating;
• learns to look for people or large objects;
• willingly interacts with objects, grabs them, pulls them towards him;
• can sit with support for several minutes;
• Holds breast or bottle with hands while eating.

Emotionally, infants are very unstable - their mood can change dramatically in a matter of seconds. Crying becomes a response to lack of attention. Babbling becomes active, consonants appear. Some syllables replace simple words.

Sixth month

Age is characterized by rapid development. Many mothers claim that babies show new skills every day during the sixth month. This is true, the child’s muscles have already become stronger. He can control the movements of his body and is increasingly interested in the world:

• enjoys playing peek-a-boo;
• starts drinking from a child's mug with a spout;
• masters complementary feeding (this moment can be postponed if there is no food interest);
• forms cause-and-effect relationships (I hit a toy with my hand, it began to ring);
• on the belly can overcome up to 30 centimeters;
• stands at a support;
• turns around, observing the surroundings with interest;
• starts looking at the pictures.

Short words appear in the baby's vocabulary, most often these are addresses to parents. He begins to respond to his name, especially if you repeat it often. Try to talk and play with your child more often so that he actively develops. Study together large and bright pictures in books; such activities should not last long, only 2-3 minutes.

Seventh month

At this stage of development, the baby consolidates the skills acquired in the previous month:

• sits more confidently;
• begins to crawl;
• hitting toys on the floor or other objects;
• finds large objects with a glance;
• loves to swim, as he has the opportunity to hit the water with his palms.

Make sure that there are no small objects within the baby's reach. He will definitely decide to taste them. In terms of nutrition, development is proceeding at an accelerated pace. The baby takes food off the spoon and drinks well from a mug if you support him.

To stimulate further growth of the baby, give him food with calcium and protein. If there are no dietary health restrictions, you can add milk porridge, cottage cheese, and meat to your diet. These foods are necessary for teething, heart function, and normal bone and muscle growth.

Eighth month

In the eighth month of life, a baby should not be left alone, especially on the changing table or parent's bed. He now stands up independently from the support, sits down and moves around. This time is ideal for introducing new toys:

• pyramid;
• jars with lids;
• accounts;
• cubes.

The emotional connection with my mother remains strong. The baby gets upset if she leaves him even for a short time. He behaves awkwardly in an unfamiliar place, but at home he already has excellent spatial orientation.

While awake, it is recommended to turn on rhythmic music for the baby (at this time he begins to perform a kind of dance). The baby can fulfill small requests and learns to wave to departing relatives. New words may appear in his vocabulary: “mom”, “bye”, “dad”.

Ninth month

At this age, you can improve fine motor skills together with your baby. He can easily tear and crumple paper. Neurologists say that fine motor skills are directly related to the development of speech, so it is worth helping the baby. Now on sale there is a special plasticine with small balls inside. He massages the baby's fingers and palms, stimulating the nerve endings.

The main skill of the ninth month of life is walking along a support. Don't worry if your child falls on his butt during the process. He will get up without your help and move on. Such mistakes allow the baby to develop the vestibular apparatus, coordination and balance.

The baby begins to manipulate his parents by screaming. He begins to be indignant when he is not allowed to eat with a spoon or dress himself. At the same time, he loves it if he is given instructions, especially in front of strangers or other relatives.

Tenth month

At this age, kids can:

• dance, stomp, stand without support and move around;
• hold several objects in your hand at the same time;
• perform various actions with objects;
• show parts of faces in pictures, toys, or surrounding adults;
• put small items in boxes or buckets;
• copy the movements and facial expressions of adults.

Encourage your child's play and independent activities. With their help, they learn about the world and begin to feel like individuals.

At the tenth month of life, the child will be interested in communicating with other children. At the same time, you can begin to educate him. He will already understand the word “impossible” and simple requests (“let’s go”, “sit down”, “wait”). Keep in mind that the baby may not listen to your words.

Eleventh and twelfth months

The definition of “adult child” fits this period perfectly. By this period, the baby had mastered almost all basic skills. Many infants of this age begin to stand up and walk without support. They have excellent control over their body and begin to actively participate in all processes: dressing, bathing, eating. They show their taste preferences and refuse food that they do not like in taste or consistency.

Parents begin to understand their children, because they already pronounce conscious words. To strangers, they may seem like a meaningless collection of sounds. In total, by the age of one year, there should be about a dozen words in the vocabulary.

A child about one year old repeats sounds that he heard from adults or television. Try not to use swear words so that swear words do not appear in your child’s vocabulary.

Emotional connections don't just happen with parents. The baby begins to develop an attachment to toys. You may notice that he takes some toys more often. By 11 months, be sure to buy your baby a doll, several rubber toys in the shape of animals, and soft toys for sleeping. He will begin to care for his pets: put them to bed, feed and dress them.

Soft toys should not be purchased if the baby is prone to allergies. If there are no health problems, then it is best to buy short-pile options and regularly wash them along with the filler.

Acquaintance with surrounding objects ends with the baby understanding how to use them correctly. He knows that you need to put a phone to your ear, you need to hammer a nail with a hammer, and you need to move a broom across the floor. At the age of about a year, children can show themselves as masters. They move things from one place to another.

Don’t worry if your baby doesn’t try to walk without support at one year old, and doesn’t sit at 5 months. All of the above stages of baby development pass gradually from one to another. After six months, they change almost every day, delighting parents with their first attempts at walking or ringing laughter. A child’s development from month to year to one year most often follows an individual schedule, which is ahead of or behind the statistical average. It is important for parents not to panic in both cases. Visit your pediatrician regularly; a competent doctor will determine how normally the process of learning skills is proceeding.

All parents, without exception, worry about the health of their child. The issue of full physical, mental, and neuropsychic development especially worries parents in the first year of the baby’s life. How does a child develop month by month? We offer for consideration an approximate plan for the development of a toddler: we will evaluate the psychophysical development of a child up to one year old, terms and standards according to WHO.

Table of physical parameters up to a year

To assess the rate of growth, weight gain and physical development of the baby, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the average generally accepted indicators of the stages of development of a child up to one year. However, we must not forget that all children have individual development schedules; exact compliance with the given tables is not mandatory; minor deviations from the norms are allowed. Do not forget also that boys and girls differ slightly in their neuropsychic development, but if the baby does not acquire normal skills and development indicators for his age for a long time, you should consult a doctor.

Table of physiological parameters of a child up to one year: (we recommend reading:)

So, how does a newborn baby grow during the first year? Let's consider the development of a child up to one year using a calendar divided into every 3 months from the birth of the baby.

From birth to 3 months

A newborn is born with developed hearing and vision. There is a clear manifestation of innate reflexes: the child can suck, swallow, blink and grab from the first minutes of life. However, the baby is not yet capable of rolling over. A newborn cannot lift his head from a position on his tummy, but the instinct of self-preservation kicks in - he turns his head onto his cheek.

The baby is able to hold his head for several seconds and tries to lift it when he lies on his tummy. In a month, a response to sounds and sudden movements occurs, expressed in the involuntary spreading of the arms and their subsequent pressing to the body. Spontaneous imitation of walking can also be observed.

2 MONTHS

The baby lifts and holds the head “standing” for 1 – 1.5 minutes, and from a position on the tummy, it can lift not only the head, but also the chest. Pays attention to sounds and bright lights by turning his head and looking attentively. There is an intensive development of the vestibular apparatus. The child grabs and holds moving objects.

3 MONTHS

At 3 months, the baby should hold his head well for 1 to 3 minutes. From a lying position on his stomach he can rise up, leaning on his elbows. He begins to roll over, spin, and change position, but there is still no clear coordination in his movements. He watches the toys with interest and reaches out to them. He begins to put his fingers in his mouth, grab and pull the sheet.

I like the company of adults. Communication with parents is very captivating for the baby, the baby “comes to life”, shows joy, smiles, laughs. Can walk for a long time, turns its head towards unfamiliar sounds. Now the baby is especially touching, don’t forget to take photos often as a keepsake!

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

From 4 months to six months

4 MONTHS

While in a supine position, the infant raises his head. If you put it on its legs, it rests firmly on them. Starts to sit up and can easily roll over from back to tummy. Freely lifts the body and rests on the palms when lying on the tummy. Carefully observes objects and can grab them. Played with rattles (we recommend reading:).

5 MONTHS

The baby can sit, but still does not hold his back straight; he can stand on his legs if he is held by the arms. Makes first attempts to roll over from tummy to back. Holds an interesting object in his hand for a long time. Recognizes parents, begins to be afraid of strangers. According to Komarovsky, the baby already understands various vocal intonations and begins to distinguish and understand the mother’s emotions.

6 MONTHS

At this stage, the child can already sit. It holds its back straight and easily rotates in all directions. With a little help from an adult, he can stand on his feet and tries to walk. He begins to get on all fours and move around in this way. Already actively waving toys, picking up fallen objects.

Noticeable changes also occur in speech:

• begins to express the first requests;
• the humming is replaced by simple babbling sounds “ma”, “pa”, “ba”.

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

From six months to 9 months

7 MONTHS

The baby can easily and quickly crawl on all fours and sit freely and for a long time. In a sitting position, he straightens and bends. While holding onto furniture, he can kneel down, and with the support of adults he can stand and walk. Interested in his mirror image. Can point with eyes at large objects, called adults.

8 MONTHS

According to the development calendar, at 8 months the child can sit down independently and even stand on his feet (more details in the article:). He begins to play "palm", imitating clapping his hands. He enjoys trying to take his first steps with the help of adults. Mimic movements of the face acquire a rich variety. The baby expresses interest, surprise, and fear with facial expressions.

He easily finds an object that interests him and persistently tries to reach it. Spends a lot of time playing - he can look at toys for a long time, knock them, throw them.

9 MONTHS

Standing on his feet, he refuses support. Likes to walk, leaning on furniture, tries to get to his feet from any position. Starts to climb on high places - boxes, benches, pillows. At 9 months, motor skills become more complex, the baby can assemble small parts of toys, sort out construction sets, and move cars.

Understands and can fulfill simple requests, such as “pass the ball” or “wave your hand.” For games he chooses a sitting position, easily and quickly remembers new words. I like to look for dropped or hidden objects. Responds when called by name. Begins to distinguish words not only by intonation, but also by meaning. Can sort objects by shape, color, size.

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

From 10 months to 1 year

10 MONTHS

After 10 months, the child gets on his feet without help and begins to walk. Begins to step when supported by one handle. Can pick up a small object with his fingers, gets upset when toys he likes are taken away. Often and consciously imitates the movements of adults, can open-close, lift-throw, hide-find. The child pronounces simple monosyllabic words.

11 MONTHS

The baby is developing rapidly. Basic movement skills are well developed. Can show many objects (toys, furniture, body parts, animals). Understands and fulfills most simple requests; he expresses reluctance or denial by shaking his head.

The stage of development of fine motor skills of the fingers begins; he can tear a sheet of paper with two fingers. You should pay great attention to the baby’s curiosity, encourage it and be sure to talk to the child as much as possible.

1 YEAR

After 11-12 months, a difficult stage of development begins. Boys often develop a little slower than girls. The ability to walk independently appears. He may come up on his own if his name is called. Able to squat and stand up without support. Picks up objects from the floor without sitting down. Can carry out complex tasks: close doors, bring a toy from another room.

Shows interest in the process of undressing and bathing. Says about ten simple words. At one year old, the child watches people and cars with interest. You can find more detailed information on the Internet by watching Komarovsky’s video about the proper development of children from 0 to one year.

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

Doctor Komarovsky's opinion

Dr. Komarovsky, who is popular today, talks clearly and interestingly about children in his book “The Beginning of Life: Your Child from Birth to 1 Year,” as well as in his video lessons. Of course, the main emphasis is on pediatric issues, but in addition, from books and lectures you can learn about:

In the first week of life, a newborn loses up to 8% of his birth weight, then his weight begins to increase. Around the 7th day, the umbilical cord remnant falls off. Until the 3rd week, the baby perceives only loud sounds, since the ears are covered with fetal fluid. By the end of the month, his skin gradually brightens and acquires a natural color. The baby's muscles are in what pediatricians call physiological tone, so the arms and legs are always bent, and the palms are clenched into fists. The child can see objects at a distance of up to 30 cm and turns his head towards the light. During this period, colic and regurgitation most often occur. The baby needs to be placed on his tummy, while he raises his head and holds it for a few seconds. In the first month of life, weekly visits to the baby by a pediatrician are mandatory. To communicate to parents about their needs, the baby cries and calms down when he is held. At a time he eats 80-120 ml of breast milk or its substitute - formula. Feeding frequency is approximately every 2 hours. The average weight gain is 1 kg, height gain is 2 cm.

• 2 month

The baby is already making distinct sounds, purring and cooing. The tone of his voice changes. When he sees his parents, he smiles, begins to distinguish voices, and listens to conversations. During this period, he smiles for the first time, albeit unconsciously. In order for the baby to hold his head confidently, you need to lay him on his tummy more often. This same exercise will strengthen your abdominal muscles and help get rid of colic. Holds a rattle in his hand, shakes it, carefully watches the toys. He turns on his side and sleeps on it. Lying on his back, straightens his arms and legs. Pulls hands into mouth, salivating profusely. When crying, tears appear. It's time to develop visual skills by attaching a mobile to the crib. Daily walks in the fresh air are very important for a child’s health, and attention should also be paid to developing a sleep and wakefulness routine. During the second month of life, the child gains about 800 g and stretches a couple of centimeters.

• 3 month

The baby is already able to sense the surrounding environment and sees more and more objects. He likes to be carried in a column so he can see more of his surroundings. Studying palms and fingers. Turns his head in different directions in search of the source of sound, clearly distinguishes the faces of those around him. Begins to distinguish odors. From this month, parents need to monitor their baby more closely, because he begins to roll over from his back to his tummy. Another achievement is that he already confidently holds his head while in an upright position on his arms or lying on his stomach. Now the baby will love the bright developmental mat that rocks the center. If you put a multi-colored toy in front of him, he will try to reach out and grab it on his own. Puts rattles in his mouth. The average weight gain is 800 g, height gain is 2 cm.

• 4 month

The period of colic gradually passes, now the baby can sleep a little longer and wake up for feedings less often. Lying on his tummy, he tries to get up, leaning on his arms. He recognizes his mother among other people, smiles at her, and talks to her. Listens to music. Of particular interest is his reflection in the mirror. Can focus longer on objects or some process. Rolls over from back to side and onto stomach. Tries to roll over onto his back. Reaches for toys, takes a toy with both hands. Pushes off with legs and arms from the support. Lying on his back, he raises his head and presses his chin to his chest. If you pull him by the arms, he tries to sit down. He takes a toy and shakes it with one hand, reacting joyfully to the music that he likes. Actively tries to participate in the conversation, babbles individual syllables with varying strength. Weight gain – 700-800 g, height – 1-2 cm.

• 5 month

The baby can easily roll over onto his side, from his stomach to his back and vice versa. Lying on his back, he raises his head to see more. He rests his feet on the bed and tries to stand on the “bridge.” Lying on his stomach, he stretches out his arms and legs straight, holding a toy with one hand. More and more surrounding objects arouse the baby’s interest, especially colored ones. Transfers toys from one hand to another. Watches a toy fall to the floor. Now he not only takes them in his hands and throws them, but also tries to pull them into his mouth. This may indicate that teeth will appear soon. The baby cries significantly less often, smiles and laughs more; he is interesting and funny. The appearance of a stranger can cause a negative reaction and even crying. Shifts his gaze from one present interlocutor to another. On average, a child gains 700 g and 1-2 cm in weight per month.

• 6 month

The baby has learned to sit confidently without support, although he is not yet sitting down himself. Some children still make attempts to sit up on their own. Lying on his tummy, he leans on his outstretched arms and lifts himself up. With support, he leans on his legs and tries to stand. He tries to get up on all fours. Reaches distant objects. Selects the toy he likes from several offered to choose from. Examines hands and fingers. At this time it is time to introduce the first complementary foods. Most often it starts with steamed vegetables. The quality of stool changes, breastfeeding becomes less and less frequent. Taste preferences are developed. Drinks from a sippy cup. Turns around when his name is called. Begins to pronounce the syllables “ma”, “ba”, “da”. During the day he sleeps 2-3 times. During this period, teeth begin to erupt. This may be accompanied by pain, fever, increased salivation, and anxiety. Weight gain – 650 g, height – 1-2 cm.

• 7 month

The baby likes to spend most of his time lying on his tummy. Begins to crawl, independently assumes a sitting position and maintains balance. Some children at this age already sit down confidently. The baby reaches out to his mother and asks to be picked up. He turns to those around him, calls them. The child no longer falls asleep after eating; he spends more time playing. Sits with a straight back, while feeding, spins in different directions, tries to evade. He babbles a lot and tries to imitate the sounds made by adults. He takes a rattle and knocks it on the surface. Holds a bottle. You can invite him to drink from a cup and try to hold a spoon. At this time, the two lower teeth erupt. This may cause discomfort when breastfeeding. He no longer gains weight as quickly because the nature of his food has changed and he begins to move more. Weight gain – 600 g, height – 1-2 cm.

• 8 month

The baby improves his ability to sit down and turn around. Lying on his tummy, he turns his head freely. He is interested in all surrounding objects, he easily overcomes obstacles. He babbles a lot of new syllables, tries to ask for certain objects. Pushes the ball away with his hands. Grabs small objects with two fingers. He likes to throw toys on the floor for you to pick them up. The child tries to stand up against a support and stand for several minutes, holding onto the handrails of the crib. Dancing, repeating the laughter of adults. Doesn't like to be left alone, worries when mom leaves. Now it is important for the baby to talk to him and voice his actions. He already understands the prohibitions. Drinks from an “adult” cup. With noticeable pleasure he eats porridge, meat, liver, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, and cookies. During this month, the baby gained 500-600 g in weight and grew by 2 cm.

• 9 month

The baby can already play for some time on his own, putting toys in a pile. Sitting on the floor, he turns his body to the sides. He tries to climb onto a chair or sofa, stands against a wall for several minutes or holds on to furniture. His position is still unstable and he funny falls on his butt. If you hold him by the arms, the baby will walk for several minutes. He also stomps confidently at the support. Pulls out the bottom drawers of the furniture and takes out all the items from them. Knocks object on object. He crawls very quickly, moves quickly in a walker, and dances. The baby now has favorite toys that he takes with him everywhere. Starts playing with cubes and sorters. His voice has a clearer emotional coloring and different intonations. Pulls food into mouth independently. The baby gains 500 g per month and grows by 1-1.5 cm.

• 10 month

The child leans on his arms in a sitting position and crawls on his tummy. Moves small objects from place to place. Tries to stand without the support of his hands. Some babies take their first steps at this stage of life. Reacts to prohibitions, expresses resentment. He is surprised to hear unfamiliar sounds. Tries to copy the facial expressions and facial expressions of adults. Tries to pronounce the words “mom”, “give” and others. Shows love for parents, hugs, tries to kiss. The baby tries to attract the attention of adults, which makes him incredibly happy. He is clearly aware of the mood of adults, recognizes their joy or disapproval. Therefore, it is important to react correctly to his actions so that the baby understands what is good and what is bad. Chews food independently. Weight gain is 450 g, height increases by 1.5 cm.

• 11 month

The baby is already confidently stomping, holding on to his mother’s hand and against the support. Can take several steps independently. Dances to the beat of the music. Can pinch and bite. Performs movements as requested, throws the ball in the indicated direction. The child explores the apartment, finds new unfamiliar objects, and knocks them against other objects with particular force. Therefore, parents should take care of the baby’s safety in the room and remove dangerous things from reach. Plays okay, peek-a-boo. He waves his hand when saying goodbye, shows “give” and “well, well” with gestures. Repeats some words with the appropriate intonation: “mom”, “baba”, “dad”, “give”. Shows where the toy's eyes are. He understands individual, frequently repeated phrases. Eats cookies, apple, bread. After the 11th month, the child gains 400 g in weight and 1-1.5 cm in height.

• 12 month

After 12 months, the baby already knows and understands a lot: he walks independently, builds pyramids from cubes, babbles a lot, repeats individual syllables or even words after adults. He knows his name and its abbreviated form, and reacts to it with joy. In most cases, at this age, the baby not only crawls very quickly, but also walks quite confidently. Takes items out of the box and remembers their location. The child asks to eat and imitates this with appropriate sounds. He claps his hands and asks to be held. Shows with a pen which direction he wants to go. Laughs at the sight of animals. Repeats the sounds of some animals and cars. Looks at pictures in books. He is happy when he is praised. He sleeps once during the day. Drinks and eats independently. Gradually he switches to adult food, pulls from his mother’s plate. By the end of the first year, the child should triple the weight with which he was born, and in the last month gain 300 g and grow another 1 cm.

Last modified 04/24/2017

Nine months in mom's tummy have come to an end. The birth is over, the baby lies on his mother’s chest in a tender embrace, listening to her soothing heartbeat. A sweet creature of nature, concealing incredible power! How much you have to try and demonstrate in the new world. Welcome baby! An article about the most significant successes of a baby in each month of his life up to 1 year.

The development of a child is described in great detail in the book by Professor A.M. Kazmin.

Development from 0 to 1 month. What should a 1 month old baby be able to do?

I sleep and eat!

Minutes of silence and great happiness from meeting my mother are interrupted by the feeling of hunger. In the delivery room, the first skills appear: searching for the breast, sucking and swallowing mother's milk. Congenital reflexes (searching, sucking, swallowing, etc.) help the child adapt to a new environment.

By the month the baby's strength increases, he learns to raise his head while lying on his stomach. The gaze becomes more conscious. The baby reacts to the mother's voice, loud sounds and bright colors. The baby spends most of the day sleeping.

What should a 2 month old baby be able to do?

My first smile!

Lying on his stomach, the baby keeps his head raised for some time. Legs and arms relax and are in a more active state. The child gets to know his fingers and tastes them. He may be bothered by intestinal colic.

You can observe the baby’s conscious smile. He sees better and follows the object of interest at a distance of 40 cm. Imitating an adult, he sticks out his tongue, thereby demonstrating communication with him.

What should a 3 month old baby be able to do?

The big guy is growing!

The baby has become stronger, rolls from his stomach to his side, sometimes from his back to his stomach and vice versa. He begins to get acquainted with the legs, pulling them into his mouth. Intestinal colic is behind us and does not bother us during this period.

The baby requires more attention. He begins to whine, be capricious, and gurgle. Having received what he wanted, he gives a smile or laughs boisterously.

He shows more interest in toys, he moves them with his fists and can even grab them. Reacts to the sounds of rattles, while turning his head.

What can a 4 month old baby do?

I want it and I’ll take it!

The child prodigy manages to grab the rattle that interests him with one hand. When she is no longer needed, the baby abandons her. Lying on his back, he confidently raises his shoulders in an attempt to sit up. Often at this age, children get down on all fours, thereby preparing to master crawling.

Syllables are traced in speech and for the first time you can hear the word “mother”.

Baby's skills at 5 months

toothy smile

Muscle hypertonicity disappears by this period. The child masters crawling. With support, stands on straight legs or sits. Later, the child will overcome all these processes on his own. Distinguishes “us” from “strangers”. Able to hold small objects in his hands.

Speech becomes more varied, similar to babbling. Teeth begin to come out. Food from the common table attracts the kinder's attention.

Baby development at 6 months

I am sitting!

The six-month-old baby doll sits on his own. He spins on his stomach, pulls up his legs, and crawls on his bellies. Holding on to the support, he stands perfectly. Relatives can more easily understand his wishes.

The first tooth is visible and the catfish is ready to introduce complementary foods. Likes to be present at a common family meal. A favorite toy appears. He begins to imitate the sounds of adults: he may cough like a grandfather or laugh like a brother.

7 months old baby - what should he be able to do?

Here's my nose!

At the request of the parents, he shows familiar objects and points to his body parts. Loves to play finger games. Holds objects in both hands, knocks them against each other, transfers them from hand to hand, throws them. Crawls more confidently and faster.

Flips through the pages of books, looks at pictures. Imitates animal sounds. Drinks from a mug, eats from a spoon. Understands the word “No”, but does not listen yet.

What should a baby be able to do at 8 months?

I am standing!

The strong eight-month-old sits up on his own, crawls quickly and far, and stands. The vocabulary expands due to new words and phrases. He is attached to his mother as never before and has a hard time withstanding separation. At the request of loved ones, he gives or finds familiar things. The cub notices the reflection in the mirror and loves to play with it. Picks up small parts by grasping them with the index finger and thumb, reminiscent of working with tweezers.

9 months baby skill

Show me, I'll repeat it!

The little one has mastered crawling and climbs over hills. Holding onto a support, walks sideways, sits up from a lying position and vice versa. Repeats many of the movements of adults: claps his hands, picks up the phone when he hears “Hello!”

Speech has more syllables and sounds. Imitating the conversation of relatives, he connects sounds into whole sentences and decorates them with appropriate intonation. The mood can already be easily read on the face. Something succeeded - a charming smile, failed - eyes full of tears and mouth in a sad curve.

10 months - what boys and girls should be able to do

First steps

Takes the first steps without support. Distances increase, gait becomes more confident. He knows how to put on something from his own wardrobe, brush his teeth, and comb his hair.

Shows character, argues if he doesn’t like something. Enthusiasm grows with the baby. Sitting in a saucepan or putting it on your head is not surprising fun for a fidget. Shows a love of music by dancing or singing along to the beat.

What can a baby do at 11 months?

Where has my nose been?

Many children begin to walk without support and climb stairs with the help of their parents. They dress the dolls, feed them and put them to bed. A machine can transport cubes from one corner of the room to another. There are more words in speech, their lack is compensated by gestures. Communication with family members becomes clearer and more accessible.

The baby’s curiosity makes her go into places where she shouldn’t. The furniture in the house has a special look without handles and corners.

1 year old child development - what he should be able to do

Independent little man

The child confidently sits, stands, walks, crawls under an obstacle, successfully gets out of it, bends down to get the necessary thing. The baby manages to achieve understanding with his family, despite his small vocabulary.

Takes an active part in games with children. Waves goodbye or greets, blows a kiss.

12 months have flown by outside of my mother's tummy. The little man has become independent: he sits, walks, talks, dresses, eats, drinks, plays. Even though all this under the supervision of an adult is not ideal, the baby has mastered these skills and deserves the highest praise.

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The birth of a child is a great joy for the whole family. The long nine-month wait is behind us, with hopes for a happy future for the baby and worries about his health ahead.

Every parent wants their child to develop normally, be healthy and active. But it can be difficult for new parents to approach this task correctly.

This article will tell you about the established norms in the development of a child: what you should pay attention to, and at what stages of development what should be expected from him.

Many parents have heard the definition of “development corridor”; for most, this concept caused bewilderment and confusion.

But there is nothing scary about it - this is a generally accepted concept of the stages of a child’s physical development.

A little about whether there is a difference in physical development in the first year of life between boys and girls.

According to anthropometric examination, the development of children of both sexes differs little.

It all depends on:

• Individual characteristics.
• Genetic inheritance.
• Congenital diseases.
• Living conditions and nutrition.

WHO research scientists have compiled an average table of norms for the physical development of a child by month up to a year, his height and weight.

The table also shows the rate of increase in indicators by month:

As can be seen from the table:

1. The most active growth of a child occurs in the first trimester of the life cycle. During this period, the body is reconstructed to function independently.

   The baby is passive and spends up to twenty hours a day sleeping.

2. In the second trimester, height and weight increase more slowly, the baby stays awake more time, reacts to external stimuli, and gradually adapts to the outside world.
3. Third trimester– the child leads an active lifestyle, the duration of sleep gradually decreases, and the time intervals between feedings increase.

   The stage of understanding the world begins. The increase in physical indicators decreases.

4. Fourth trimester- independent person. The child tries to imitate adults, behaves consciously and actively.

   The diet is mixed, solid food is added to the diet. Characterized by the smallest increase in indicators.

Note! The table presents average values; parameters may differ from individual indicators depending on the characteristics of the organism.

What a child should be able to do: monthly development calendar

Many new parents are interested in the question of what a child should be able to do at each stage of the first year of life.

Below is a baby development calendar from birth to 12 months:

• The first days and weeks of life, the baby mostly sleeps, and in waking moments he cries, declaring hunger, wet diapers, and poor health.

  The natural position for a baby is to lie on his back, legs tucked at the sides and arms raised up.

  Parents need to independently turn him onto his tummy, lightly massaging his back. In this position, the baby will release gases and strengthen the muscles of the back, abdomen and neck.

  By the end of the first month, the baby, lying on his tummy, will begin to slightly raise his head, trying to hold it.

  Normal psychological and physiological development will be helped by: communication with family - he needs to sing songs and turn on classical music.

  Walking in the fresh air - the body, enriched with oxygen, functions normally.

  After each awakening, it is necessary to give the baby a massage and perform hygiene procedures, bathe the newborn daily, adding a decoction of string and chamomile to the water.

  Towards the end of the first month, the baby begins to focus his gaze, finding moving objects. He clearly recognizes his mother by her smell and gets upset when she is not around for a long time.

• By the 2nd month, the child already recognizes close people and smiles meaningfully, makes drawn-out sounds, trying to express his feelings, searches with his eyes and finds familiar objects.

  During this period, it is important to pay attention to the baby’s development by doing simple gymnastics and massage.

• At 3 months the baby begins to live an active life. He holds his head firmly and independently rolls over from his back to his stomach and vice versa.

  Learns to control the limbs, trying to hold the object he likes in his hands, expresses joy by pronouncing continuous syllables.

  The duration of the waking phase and the intervals between feedings increase significantly.

• By 4 months the baby clearly knows his name, distinguishes between familiar and unfamiliar people well.

  Understands and distinguishes human speech, enters into communication, loves to play with moving objects, highlighting his favorite ones.

• At 5 months – has full control of his body, moving on a horizontal surface. Able to easily take something he likes by pulling it into his mouth.

  The baby tries to crawl, finding support for the legs, makes efforts with the press, trying to take a vertical position. Reacts to communication and takes an active part in it.

• A 6-month-old baby shows interest in everything colorful and bright, actively plays with toys and rattles, throwing them out of the crib.

  He stands on all fours on his own and tries to crawl. If he finds solid support, he tries to rise to his full height, lowering himself to his fifth point.

  He loves it when books are read to him, showing color pictures. The sounds it makes are meaningful and reminiscent of monosyllabic words or songs.

• By 7 months the first teeth appear and the baby puts all sorts of objects into his mouth. Games become meaningful.

  The baby enjoys playing magpie, okay, hide and seek, etc., actively crawls, sits confidently, and moves around in a walker or in the playpen.

  During this period, the child begins to meaningfully absorb new information, processing it.

• The eight-month-old toddler is actively exploring the world, he is absolutely fearless and full of different ideas.

  Parents need to be constantly vigilant. Sleep is reduced to twice a day, he plays a lot and shows interest in everything new.

  The baby is perfectly oriented in space, makes contact, expresses thoughts with polysyllabic babbling, identifies friends from strangers, understands and completes assigned tasks.

• At 9 months the child stands firmly on his legs, takes the first steps, holding on to support.

  Begins to copy the actions of adults. Confidently holds objects in his hands while performing assigned actions.

• A ten-month-old baby completely copies the facial expressions and gestures of his elders, pronounces the first simple words, actively participates in family life, and is interested in peers.
• At 11 months the child actively talks, calling objects and actions in his own words and gets angry if he is not understood.

  He is cunning and expresses reluctance to do what he does not want. He tries to win the affection of the person he likes, begins to smile and make faces.

  He expresses a good mood by dancing and clapping his hands. He tries to start eating, drinking, taking off his shoes on his own, pronouncing the names of loved ones syllable by syllable.

• At 12 months the child is completely independent. He confidently climbs on and off the sofa, bed, chairs, walks holding the hand of an adult, eats on his own, sits on the potty, opens and closes cabinet doors.

  The baby plays complex games, stacks blocks, moves a car, rocks a doll or soft toy. Each stage of a child’s life is interesting and unforgettable in its own way.

Development of premature babies

Premature babies are babies born from the twenty-first to the thirty-seventh week of pregnancy.

They are significantly behind their peers in development and need additional care and affection.

• In the first month the child does not gain weight well due to an undeveloped sucking reflex; it is difficult for him to suck mother’s milk. The solution is pumping and feeding through a special tube.

  Since the baby has not yet developed thermoregulation, it is extremely dangerous for him to become overcooled or overheated. During this period, it is important for the baby to be constantly with his mother, to feel her smell, warmth and love.

• In the second month Throughout life, the sucking reflex remains weak, but the child needs to develop it, so it is recommended to bottle feed the baby.
• In the third month life, an interest in food and sleep appears, the baby begins to follow moving objects with his eyes, tries to raise his head, and grab toys.
• In the fourth month The baby holds his head up on his own, makes sounds, and is interested in toys.

  It is important to regularly carry out massage procedures twice a day that improve muscle tone; it is allowed to take them out into the fresh air.

• In the fifth month The baby is already holding a toy in his hands, distinguishes sounds well, turning his head in their direction, recognizes the mother’s voice.

  The beginning of neuropsychic development is determined, the first conscious smile appears.

• In the sixth and seventh month The baby turns over on his tummy on his own. It is already difficult to distinguish him from his peers, he is active. Complementary feeding is recommended.
• In the eighth month the baby tries to sit up independently, is interested in the world around him, understands speech, begins to communicate with adults, loves fairy tales, poems, songs, bright pictures, and tries to crawl.
• Ninth month- a breakthrough in development. The baby needs communication. You should talk to him, explain all actions, lay down the basics of behavior, play with toys. The baby is trying to pronounce his first words.

  The further development of a premature baby is not much different from the development of full-term peers. By the end of the first year, the child is in no way behind the others.

As can be seen from the presented material, parents need to devote more time to the development of the child, monitoring his indicators and communicating with the baby.

It is necessary to take into account that the health of the baby largely depends on the mother’s lifestyle during pregnancy and the attention of parents to their child.

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