Abstract: Hair styling methods. Types and methods of hot hair curling with a curling iron - to create curls
Hair Styling- This is a perm for a short time, as a result of which the structure of the hair changes. It consists of several operations with the help of which hairstyles of various shapes and patterns are performed. The duration of preservation of the styling depends on:
hair structure;
their elasticity and elasticity;
selected tools and devices;
modeling agent;
weather conditions
According to the method of making the hairstyle, styling can be:
1. Cold styling (styling with a comb and fingers).
2. Air styling (styling with a brush and hair dryer).
3. Hot styling (styling with electric curling irons and using curlers).
4. Combined styling (styling that combines 2 or more methods).
Cold styling hair has been used for a very long time. One of the advantages of this method is its harmlessness. Hair is not damaged with this styling method, as it is not subjected to high temperature and chemical treatment. You can even, on the contrary, improve the condition of your hair if you use high-quality traditional compositions of plant origin or new modern products specifically designed for this and containing herbal, mineral and other useful additives to fix the style.
The cold styling method allows you to diversify the composition of your hairstyle, since in this case, using different combinations of individual elements (for example, types and sizes of waves), the hairdresser can create different shapes of the hairstyle and change its pattern.
When performing cold styling, strands of hair, pre-treated with a special fixing agent, are styled using hands and a comb. Styling done using this method, also called “finger styling,” lasts for a short time.
The procedure for performing cold hair styling depends on the originally conceived shape of the hairstyle, its design (sketch) and other factors. For example, in the process of forming individual elements that make up a hairstyle, aerosol hairsprays can be used for the purpose of intermediate fastening of waves and strands. This technique, helping to draw a hairstyle step by step, allows you to create a certain shape. The shape of a cold styled hairstyle will be better preserved if you use a special mesh when drying your hair. After drying, the net is removed and the hair is shaped into a hairstyle using a comb, giving it fullness and naturalness. The final shape of the hairstyle is fixed with hairspray.
Depending on the shape of the hairstyle, the elements of its components, the individual characteristics of the hair and some other factors, the styling order may vary. The professional skill and creativity of the hairdresser play a huge role here.
Distinctive features of modern cold styling:
1. A hairstyle can combine several types of waves (straight, oblique, transverse).
2. The shape of the hairstyle is made up of waves of different widths.
3. Using a non-classical method of connecting waves.
4. Using a curly parting.
5. Using decorative additions of modern stylized shapes to design hairstyles.
6. The use of a variety of modeling products produced by domestic and foreign perfumery and cosmetics companies.
The most common element of a hairstyle, which is performed in a cold way, is a wave (a smooth bend of the hair, limited on both sides by crowns). They have distinctive features depending on their location, size and method of execution.
Technological features of execution " direct wave"are as follows: the waves are parallel to the parting. The first crown on the larger side of the parting reaches the end of the parting and ends there. The second crown on the larger side of the parting extends to join the first crown on the smaller side of the parting (Fig. 1). When performing a hairstyle, use a combined large comb and a fixing hair styling product.
Laying is carried out in the following order:
2. Then the styling compound is evenly applied to them and a parting is made, which determines the direction of the future wave.
3. The first wave is performed on the larger side of the parting. This is a reverse wave.
4. Next, stepping back 2 - 3 cm from the parting, the index finger of the left hand is placed on the resulting wave. A comb is inserted into the hair perpendicular to the finger and moved away from the face by 1-1.5 cm. Then the comb is turned towards itself and the resulting crown is clamped with the index and middle fingers of the left hand, after which the hair is pulled back with the comb in the opposite direction and smoothed with the hem. This is how you get a second, protruding wave on the larger side of the parting.
5. Gradually moving in this way to the highest point of the head (crown), perform the first crown, which ends at the end of the parting.
6. Similarly, perform the second crown on the larger side of the parting.
7. The peculiarity of performing the above techniques is that the hair must be combed in the direction from the face to form a reverse wave on the larger side of the parting.
8. The second crown on the larger side of the parting passes through the crown and connects with the first crown formed on the smaller side of the parting. Consistently repeating the considered styling techniques, complete the “Straight Waves” hairstyle.
9. On the larger side, protruding waves are visible - frontal, temporal, buccal, and on the smaller side of the parting - only temporal and buccal.
10. In the area of the ears, in order to avoid damaging them, waves must be performed with special care and caution.
11. Very short hair in the nape area can be styled by forming flat rings from individual strands 1.5 or 2 cm wide. Using the thumb and forefinger, the strands are twisted in one direction or the other and secured with clips or hairpins. This way, you get clear waves that complement the overall composition of the hairstyle.
12. If the hair at the back of the head is very long, it can be styled in the form of ring curls and secured with curlers.
Features of styling in relation to the parting: the composition of this hairstyle is characterized by the fact that oblique waves are located on the larger side of the parting, and straight ones on the smaller side.
Laying "oblique wave" performed in the following order:
1. First, comb the hair thoroughly.
2. Then a hair styling fixative is evenly applied to them and a side parting is made.
3. Using the techniques described for styling “Straight hair,” perform the first (preparatory) wave and obtain the first crown on the larger side of the parting. This crown is positioned at an angle of 45° relative to the parting and is directed into the first third of the parting.
4. Then, on the larger side of the parting, a protruding wave and a second crown are made, directed towards the second third of the parting.
5. The third crown performed is directed to the end of the parting.
6. The fourth crown on the larger side of the parting is connected to the first crown on the smaller side.
Hot styling.
Much less often than other traditional hair styling methods, hot perm is used, i.e. hair styling using electric curling irons.
This style is more suitable for long straight or slightly curly hair, cut in a cascade or at the same length. Moreover, to style thin hair, you need to take curling irons with a small diameter - then the curl will be elastic and long-lasting.
The strands are wound spirally onto the tongs. To protect your hair from heat, it is best to use mousse.
Combined styling is characterized by a combination of different styling methods.
Air styling. Hairstyles with short hair turn out more voluminous and last longer if you moisten the hair at the roots with gel, varnish or foam before styling with a hairdryer. A hairdryer is convenient for styling hair of any length.
When styling with a hairdryer, you need to dry your hair very carefully and try not to let the dried strands come into contact with the wet ones. You should also clearly work out all the details of the hairstyle and, when creating volume, strictly ensure that the air stream does not burn the skin.
After blow-drying, comb the hair only with a combination comb or a comb with a regular handle. When styling hair using a hair dryer, depending on the length of the hair, use a comb, as well as a round or flat brush.
Perform small volume hairstyles using a flat brush.
Flat brushes are designed to lift hair at the roots, i.e. creating a hairstyle. This styling method, called “bombing,” is used in men’s and women’s rooms when performing evening and model hairstyles.
When performing blow-drying with a flat brush (Fig. 1), you first need to comb your hair and outline the direction of the main lines of the future hairstyle. Then, holding the brush with its teeth down, it is inserted into the hair strand from the inside. Moreover, styling begins from the lower occipital zone. Blow drying techniques with a paddle brush
Having grabbed the strand with a brush, it is slightly lifted up, while the hair should be stretched by the first row of brush teeth facing the inside of the strand.
Next, direct a stream of air onto the strand, fixing the resulting hair crease. The treated strand should remain on the brush until completely dry. Then the end of this strand is pulled with a brush and hairdryer in the direction of the lines of the intended hairstyle, after which the brush is removed from the dried strand of hair.
All hair is treated in the same way, gradually moving from the back of the head to the front.
Hairstyle using a round brush
Using a round brush and hair dryer, shape the ends of the hair.
This styling method is called “brushing” and is used in the women's room. The installation technology is as follows.
The brush is inserted into the hair strand from the inside. Moreover, styling begins from the parietal zone.
Then the strand captured by the brush is pulled in the direction opposite to the comb of the hair of the future hairstyle, and, directing a stream of hot air to the root part of the strand, it is dried.
Having pulled the brush out of the cooled strand, style the hair in the same way on all areas of the head where the hairstyle should have increased volume.
Making waves using a flat brush and comb
The technology for making waves with a hairdryer using a flat brush and comb is as follows.
Holding a separated strand of hair with a comb directed perpendicular to the head, insert the teeth of the brush into it and, grabbing the hair the width of two or three fingers, slightly move the strand to the right. In this case, the first wave is formed.
Then, turning the brush and lifting the hair at the roots, dry the raised strand with an air flow directed to the left. Rice. 2. Hairdryer waves.
The second wave is performed in a similar way, only changing the direction of movement of the brush and the flow of hot air, i.e. the brush is moved to the left 1 cm and turned towards itself, and the hair is dried with an air flow directed to the right side.
Laying the waves begins from the parietal area of the head or from the parting. The brush is held parallel to the head. Having grabbed the next strand, lift the hair at the roots and turn it slightly towards itself, after which they move the brush away from the parting and gradually dry the hair along it. This technique is repeated several times, giving the hair the desired shape.
Long strands can be wound onto a round brush, drying each strand first from the outside and then from the inside. In this case, the brush is held in the left hand and, having grabbed a strand, the brush is slightly twisted, as a result of which the hair is well fixed to it and takes the shape of a curl. In this case, the styled hair bends beautifully downwards, giving the impression of a natural wave (Fig. 2).
The techniques for performing the main elements of this installation (crowns, waves) are also similar to the techniques used when installing a “straight wave”. A distinctive feature of the composition of this hairstyle is the perpendicular arrangement of the waves in relation to the imaginary parting. The technological feature of this installation is that the waves are made without connection. The waves located near the face are narrow, and then, in the occipital zone, they gradually widen.
Styling with curlers recommended in cases where the hair is porous, which means it quickly absorbs moisture and quickly becomes dry, and if it is pliable and elastic. If the hair has a structure with increased elasticity and a tendency to “stick out” with a strand length of up to 5 cm, then it is better to first subject such hair to chemical treatment (perm).
The beauty and naturalness of a hairstyle styled with curlers always depends on the curling technique and the type of curlers.
When using thin curlers, the curls will always be small and elastic, and the hairstyle will last quite a long time.
The use of medium curlers on short hair (Fig. 1) allows you to give the hairstyle pomp and volume; on medium-length hair it allows you to get large waves, and on long hair - soft waves.
Rice. 1. Styling short hair with medium curlers
Large curlers are used only for curling long and semi-long hair to give the hair volume and shape (Fig. 2).
Rice. 2. Curling medium-length hair with large curlers (a) and the resulting hairstyle (b)
Thus, the volume of the hairstyle depends on the size of the curlers: the smaller they are, the greater the volume, and vice versa. Hair that is wet or moistened with styling compound is always curled onto curlers.
Before curling, the hair is divided into zones in accordance with the chosen curling pattern. Some cheating schemes are shown in Fig. 3-5.
Rice. 3. Classic scheme for curling hair with curlers
Rice. 4. Scheme of curling hair with curlers to obtain a transverse wave
Rice. 5. Scheme of curling hair with curlers to obtain a horizontal wave
1. Next, using a ponytail comb, separate a strand of hair intended for curling. The width of this strand should be slightly less than the length of the curler, and the thickness of the strand should not exceed the diameter of the curler.
2. Having lifted the strand, it must be positioned at approximately 45° to the surface of the head (i.e., pulled back), and then wrap the tip of the strand around the curler. Then, holding the end of the strand, use the thumbs and forefingers of both hands to rotate the curlers so that the hair is evenly distributed along its entire length, and secure the strands with an elastic band or hairpin, depending on the design.
3. After all the hair has been curled, it is necessary to put a special net on it and sit the client under a dryer. After some time, the master should check whether the hair has dried well. If your hair is not completely dried, your hairstyle will not retain its shape for long. However, over-dried hair also does not contribute to long-term styling. For better fixation of curls, before unwinding the curlers, you need to let them cool.
4. Start rolling the curlers from the lower occipital area so that the hair does not get tangled.
5. Then they start combing the hair, which is a very important stage of styling. The resulting curls are carefully combed with two brushes, starting from the ends, and at the same time pulled back.
7. To give your hair a smoother shape, you can use hair styling gel or wax.
8. To preserve volume for a longer period of time, fix the hairstyle with varnish.
Hot hair styling.
Hot curling is performed using conventional or electric curling irons. Conventional curling irons are no different in design from the curling irons that were first used in 1871 by the French hairdresser Marcel. Currently, there is a whole set of tongs that differ only in the diameter and shape of the working part.
Hot styling. Hair styling with electric curling irons is performed on dry and clean hair, since using electric curling irons with wet hair is dangerous. And if hairspray or other fixative was applied to the hair the day before, this will greatly damage the structure of the hair - it will lose its shine, will be dry and brittle.
Order of operations:
-separate the strand with a comb, grab it at the roots with tongs, place it between the roller of the tongs and the clamp;
- warm up, moving the tongs along the entire length of the strand, and twist the hair onto the roller of the tongs. To avoid burning your scalp, place a comb under the strand of hair you are currently curling.
- hold for 20 - 30 seconds and carefully pull the curling iron out of the curl, opening it slightly;
- perform this operation on all areas of the head where it is desirable to get curls;
- Having received the tube curls, you can begin final styling. If necessary, use blunting, backcombing, hairpins, pins, etc.
- fix the hairstyle. (let me sketch the picture, page 47, fig. 3.6)
Hair styling with corrugated curling irons. With the help of crimping curling irons, you can achieve a variety of effects on straight hair; you can use them to curl entire hair or individual strands. Before styling, hair should be washed, rinsed with conditioner and blow-dried, and then applied styling liquid. You can apply a fixative before blow-drying.
The hair is separated into small strands and placed between the plates of the tongs. After heating the hair for a few seconds, the tongs are opened and moved along the strand to the next section. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the plates fit tightly to the hair.
Corrugating pliers have a set of plates with different corrugation effects (shallow, deep, wide, narrow). The appearance of the corrugation will also change depending on the thickness of the strands being processed.
Styling hair with flat curling irons. The purpose of this styling is to straighten the hair. After using them, the hair becomes completely straight.
To achieve this effect, hair should be washed and styled with a hairdryer without drying it dry. The strands are then pulled between the flat surfaces of the heated plates. Finally, wax or pomade is applied to the hair, and the hairstyle is fixed with varnish.
It is not advisable to use a straightener on permed hair - such exposure can worsen the hair structure and the beauty of the curl.
Precautions when working with electric tongs.
Electric tongs should always be clean.
To avoid scalp burns, the comb should be held between the tongs and the head. The comb itself should not be metal, as it can also heat up and burn the skin.
Do not overheat the electric curling iron too much to avoid damaging your hair.
You should not inhale the smoke coming from electric tongs - it is harmful to your lungs.
Keep hot tongs in a safe place so as not to burn your hands or drop them.
Exercises for arm flexibility.
To make your arms more flexible and your fingers more mobile, you need to do simple exercises and massage. You can do them a couple of times a day. It’s better to start with intense rubbing of your palms against each other, then massage your hands and each finger separately with rubbing movements, moving from the base to the tips. Several times at a fast pace, clench your fingers into fists and unclench them. Rotate your brushes 5-6 times, first in one direction, then in the other direction. Clasp your hands and rotate your hands in the joints. Keeping your hands locked, turn them with your palms facing away from you, then return them to their original position, repeat several times. Performing these exercises, as well as massage, will increase blood flow to the hands, increase the elasticity of the ligaments, and make the joints more mobile.
“What is hot hair styling and does a regular home hair dryer apply to it?” Anna Samoilina, Saratov
All methods of treating hair with heat above air temperature are referred to as hot styling. Every woman knows what a hair dryer, hot rollers and electric curling irons are.
An electric dryer is a kind of hair dryer in the form of a warm helmet cap under which you place your head. Until recently, it was used only in hairdressing salons, but now a new product has appeared - dryers for home use. Hair dryers and dryers are the safest types of hot styling, as they do not come into contact with the hair, acting at a distance of 10-20 cm.
With the help of a hairdressing iron, hairdressers in salons straighten curly hair. A strand of hair is clamped between two heated plates and pulled out, straightening the hair. Coarse, curly, unruly hair can only be styled with an iron.
“From my own experience, I know how harmful it is to curl your hair with curling irons—from time to time you have to cut off the burnt ends. I can’t refuse curling irons—only with their help can I restore order to my head. Is it possible to protect my hair?” Maria Ch., Moscow
Hot styling is, of course, a great invention. With its help you can give shape and volume to any, even the weakest, thinnest and sparse hair. As for the harmful effects of hot styling on hair, this problem seemed insoluble for a long time. The only method that was recommended to help dry hair with a hair dryer or curling iron - This advice remains relevant today.
The emergence of new products - thermal protective agents - saves the situation. They are designed to protect hair from damage from heat styling and normalize the activity of the sebaceous glands. The ingredients in these products are activated by heat and neutralize the harmful effects of heat on the hair.
Heat protectants are divided into two groups: those that are washed off with water: shampoos, conditioners, rinses, and thermal styling products. All of them Usually, green tea extract, vitamins E, B5 and natural proteins are added to such products, which prevent hair drying.
It is impossible to say that any line of thermal products is better than others. It is worth choosing drugs from the company that you are used to and trust. I like the gentle SP "Wella" line. Thermally active shampoos and balms of the “Prelest” line from “Arnest” have proven themselves well. The Unilever concern has released a new series of heat-active shampoos and conditioners "Sunsilk thermalasilk". And "Kerastas" offers heat-active protective oils and intensive masks. All these series are designed for those who actively use hair dryers, electric curlers and hot rollers.
Dry hair can also be treated with a root strengthening serum, which can restore the internal structure of the hair.
“Can I use professional hair product lines at home?” Eteri Gobelia, Tbilisi
If you dry your hair using thermal devices, then this is necessary. Only a master can choose the professional line that’s right for you. After all, professional products should be used comprehensively. For example, I would recommend washing thin light colored hair with thermal shampoo, then to add volume you should use the SP “Wella - 30 seconds” restoring cream. When hot styling, such hair needs volume mousse and a small amount of liquid keratin.
Curly, thick, undyed hair with an oily scalp requires different care - a special moisturizing shampoo and rinse. When styling curly hair at home, emulsions are most effective. If hair is straightened with an iron, thermal balms are necessary. When hair is pulled out with a brush under a hair dryer, it is better to use heat-activated styling milk.
Only a specialist can develop individual complexes for your hair, taking into account all the nuances. Indeed, in professional lines, shampoos “work” in combination with certain balms, rinses and mousses. All hair care products should be of the same brand - then they complement each other more effectively.
“I’m used to washing my hair with hot water and rinsing it with a heated infusion of herbs. I recently heard that hot water harms your hair. Is this true?” Tamara Grigorieva, Moscow
Too hot water when washing and too hot air when drying make hair brittle and dry. In addition, heat increases the secretion of fatty glands. You can wash your hair with hot water only if you use heat-active shampoos and rinses - they protect your hair from overheating. In general, all recommendations for hair care can be “concluded” in 10 rules:
1 You should wash your hair as it gets dirty. Fatty - daily, dry - much less often. Most often, hair is washed 2-3 times a week. Those who wash their hair every day should only use daily shampoo. It is unacceptable to apply concentrated shampoo to your hair. It needs to be foamed in a handful of water on your palms or dissolved in a bowl of softened water. To do this, add one teaspoon of baking soda or the same amount of ammonia to 2 liters of water. Dissolve shampoo that matches your hair type in this water. It is better to wash thin and weak hair in boiled water.
2 Before washing, you need to comb your hair thoroughly, and during the washing process try to tangle it less.
3 Once a month, replace the shampoo with two egg yolks or curdled milk. These products lather your hair in the same way as shampoo.
4 Rinse your hair thoroughly - excess shampoo in your hair will deprive it of shine. To remove shampoo residues and for protection, balms and rinses are used. The last rinse of the hair should be cool - cold water “closes” the scaly layer of the hair. It is better if it is a decoction of herbs: chamomile, St. John's wort, oak bark, sage or rose hip leaves.
5 It is more useful to dry your hair at room temperature, without combing it while wet, drying it with a soft towel heated on a radiator. Do not tie wet hair with a scarf or towel.
6 The first combing is from ends to roots.
7 Weak and fine hair should not be combed wet.
8 Split ends should be cut from time to time and the ends should be lubricated with special oils or emulsions, which are called “Products for split ends.”
9 Long hair quickly deteriorates from strong tension. Therefore, I do not recommend tight ponytails, tightly braided braids, or partings in the same place every day. Use tight hoops, elastic bands and metal pins with sharp surfaces less often. They, like iron combs, break hair.
10 Combs should be wooden, with rounded and fairly long teeth, massage brushes should be hair or bristle brushes.
"Is there a diet for damaged hair?" Christina Feodonia, Sevastopol
Modern research has proven that it is not only care products that nourish hair. It’s no wonder that hair loss most often occurs in women who are addicted to trendy diets. Hair reacts sharply to protein starvation, so those with dry hair need dairy products, cheese and meat. The menu should include dishes with edible gelatin - jellies, jellies, mousses, jellies, jelly.
The French encourage people to strengthen their hair by eating yellow fruits that contain vitamin A: peaches, apricots, pears, mangoes and bananas. All greens and carrots are good for hair. Phosphorus deficiency in hair can be partially compensated by fish and seafood. Hair “loves” vegetable oils, especially soybean and corn. And in the East they drink rye beer to strengthen their hair. Hair masks are also made from it.
Daria KOSTROVA
Modeling a beautiful hairstyle is an integral stage of creating a fashionable image. What devices are used in home care, how to use them correctly without harming your hair for the benefit of styling? Let's repeat the common truths and learn the intricacies of the work of hair stylists!
To determine the most effective heat styling method for you, determine your own hair type. Experts divide them into three groups: European, Asian and African. This type of division is based on differences in the cross-sectional shapes of the hair. For example, the European type implies an oval cross-section. This type of hair is soft and grows at an angle to the head. Asian hair type has a round cross-section. Such hair grows at right angles, has lush volume and is quite stiff. It is sometimes difficult to place them. African hair type is characterized by a flat section, due to which it curls in tight curls.
Representatives of the fair sex who have European hair type, you should be very careful about your own hair. Naturally thin hair should be styled exclusively using heat protectants and cosmetics against split ends. It is better to shape your hair with a hairdryer, alternately using cool and warm air.
For african hair type The most preferred styling is using an iron. It is advisable to purchase the latter with the function of setting the temperature level. The coarser your hair, the higher it should be. Excellent styling can be achieved by applying a special mousse to damp strands. Comb them with a comb and let them dry naturally.
Hard asian hair will become more obedient if their wishes are taken into account. They should be washed no more than once every three days, using organic shampoos containing moisturizing ingredients. Blow-drying this type of hair will not please you much, but shaping it with curling irons will be beyond praise. Please note that styling products do not contain alcohol; it is contraindicated for this hair type!
A few words about styling products
Regardless of the effect you want to give to your hair, apply styling products at least five to ten minutes before styling. The range of this period of time is determined by the structure of the hair cuticle, which requires time to completely absorb the product. The preparation carried out will allow you to make full use of the capabilities of styling products.
To ensure that the efforts made to create a wonderful example of hairdressing are not in vain, pay attention to the level of fixation of the styling products. Brand manufacturers adhere to a digital scale indicating the level of hair fixation from one to five. A light and normal degree of fixation, indicated on the product label by a number from one to three, is suitable for thin and weakened hair. Thick and curly hair requires strong and super-strong fixation products, regulated in a range of four to five.
Hair styling with a hairdryer, styler
Using these devices, you can dry and style your hair, creating light curls, straightening them and adding volume. The higher the power of the hair dryer, the easier and better quality you will style your hair and the less damage you will cause to it. Hair dryers with high power tend to have lower air temperatures than identical models with lower power. For those with permed hair, it is very important to use a diffuser attachment when styling your hair, which disperses the hot stream of air, thereby minimizing the potential harm of the device.
A guide to blow-drying hair
Hair drying should begin with hot air and end with a cold jet; during styling, hot and cold modes should be used alternately. It is recommended to keep the hair dryer at a distance of at least 15 centimeters from the head.
It is necessary to dry the strands from roots to ends, first the bottom layer and then the top layer.
Direct styling is done when the hair is half dry. At this time, styling products are applied to them.
To style short length hair, use a small diameter brush or brushing attachment. Long hair will need wider brushing. The diffuser attachment will help add volume to medium and long hair at the roots and create beautiful curls.
Hair styling by world famous stylist Richard Ward
Hair styling with curling irons
Tongs and curling irons are used on dried hair, previously protected with special products. Different shapes of curls are created by twisting hair from the roots or from the ends, horizontally or vertically, in one direction of twisting or alternating with the opposite. In addition, the diameter of the curl is determined by the width of the working surface of the device.
Reminder for styling hair with curling irons and tongs
Apply a heat protectant to your hair. To give your hair extra volume, use mousse.
Set the device to an acceptable temperature. For thin, damaged or colored hair, it should not exceed 160 degrees. You should hold your hair with the device for no more than ten seconds.
For a voluminous hairstyle, when styling, twist the strands in different directions, not too tightly.
For volume at the roots, hold the strand in this area for about five seconds and then begin curling the ends.
Once your hairstyle is complete, wait ten minutes and comb your hair with a wide-tooth comb. Fix the result with varnish.
Hair styling with straightener, iron
Depending on the length of your hair, you should choose a straightener model. The longer the hair, the wider the surface of the device should be. The narrow surface is ideal for styling bangs and short hair. A wide straightener will allow you to grip wide and thick strands of hair, a narrow straightener will allow you to grip thin strands. If you plan to use a straightener as a hair curling tool, purchase a device with a rounded curling iron. To avoid drying out your hair in your daily care, use straighteners with ceramic or Teflon coating. Don't forget about the need to apply heat protectants. Hair must be completely dry for styling.
Reminder for styling hair with straighteners and irons
Straightening. Divide your hair into several horizontal levels, secure the top ones with clips on the top of your head. Perform straightening starting from the back of the head. Move the iron quickly and very carefully. At a low temperature level of the device, it is allowed to iron one strand twice; at the maximum level, only once is needed. Style your hair from the back of your head to your face, gradually lowering the levels from the crown. The bangs are put in at the last minute.
Curling. Do the preparatory work - dry your hair, apply a heat protectant and styling product. Section your hair as above. Take a thin strand at the back of your head, clamp it between the plates of the device and make one turn around it. After this, smoothly and slowly move the iron downwards from the root to the ends. As a result, you will get a naturally wavy curl without excessive hairdressing gloss.
Be beautiful!
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PLAN
Introduction
1. COLD HAIR STYLING
2. STYLING HAIR WITH TONGS
2.1 Styling curls
2.2 Types of curls
2.3 Ways to style hair into curls
2.4 Styling hair in curls using the “Down” method
2.5 Styling curls using the “Up” method
2.6 Styling curls using the “Figure Eight” method
3. STYLING WITH CURLERS
4. HAIR STYLING WITH A HAIRDRYER
4.1 Blow-drying hair for small volume hairstyles
4.2 Blow-drying hair when doing hairstyles with the effect of sticking hair
4.3 Blow-drying hair when performing hairstyles with increased volume
4.4 Blow-dry your curls
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION
Curling hair for a short period of time is called styling. Hair styling consists of many operations that can be used to create hairstyles of any shape. Hairstyles resulting from hair styling are short-lived. They retain their shape for a maximum of 3-4 days. When wetted with water, the hair develops and takes its original shape.
The retention time of the style depends on the shape of the hair and its cross-section, which are not the same for different hairs. The shape can be round, oval or ribbon-shaped. The more the cross-sectional shape of the hair differs from round, the more curly the hair is. When styled, this type of hair retains its style for a longer time compared to straight hair.
The physical properties of hair that affect the safety of the hairstyle include its tensile strength, elasticity, and resilience. When wet, the strength and elasticity of hair are significantly reduced, while elasticity increases. In addition, when you wet your hair, its length also increases. When dry, they return to their original state. These properties are very important. Cold hair styling is based on these properties.
For example, if wet hair, which is therefore longer than dry hair, is curled in curlers, then during the drying process it is subjected to compressive forces, which contribute to a reduction in hair length. But since the hair is not in a free state - it is wound in curlers - it will not be able to fully restore its length. The action of compression forces occurring during the drying process of hair will lead to a temporary and slight change in the shape of its cross-section and an increase in hair length.
Hair of medium thickness and stiffness returns to its original state usually after 5-7 days. This period of time varies accordingly depending on the property and condition of the hair.
Today, hair styling is carried out in several ways:
Cold method - without the use of curler clips;
Using curlers and clips;
Using a hair dryer;
Using a hot curling iron.
1. HAIR STYLING COLD WAY
Hair that is elastic and soft, and also with an oval cross-section, lends itself well to cold styling. Hair that is hard and elastic is very difficult to style using a cold method, and a hairstyle done on such hair lasts much less time.
Let's master the technological process of cold styling with the direction of the hair and the first wave to the right (Fig. 1).
After combing the strand, the hair is pressed on the right side with the middle finger of the left hand, 3-4 cm from the base. Then take the comb in the right hand in the third way and insert it with the frequent side of the teeth into the hair close to the middle finger and parallel to it. The teeth of the comb are positioned perpendicular to the hair strand. Next, by moving the comb along its plane, the hair of the captured part of the strand is shifted to the right by 1-1.5 cm. When moving the hair to the right, the first wave line is formed between the middle finger of the left hand, pressing the hair, and the comb. After the crown is formed, without removing the teeth of the comb from the hair, tilt its edge towards you by about 45°, and with the index finger of your left hand, firmly press the hair between the comb and the already formed wave line. At this moment, the index finger of the left hand should slide along the outer side of the comb from the edge of the comb to the ends of the teeth. Considering that the comb is at an angle of about 45° to the strand, the index finger of the left hand, sliding down its plane, will simultaneously compress the wave line so that the latter will be between it and the middle finger. Next, comb the hair located below the index finger of the left hand.
The left side of the strand is pressed with the middle finger of the left hand at the same distance from its base. This is necessary so that the wave line of this side of the strand coincides with the line made.
After this, a comb is inserted into the hair and by moving it to the right, the resulting crown is connected with the existing one on the right side of the strand. After this, just as in the first case, tilt the head of the comb towards you, and with the index finger of your left hand, at this time, press the hair between the comb and the wave line and comb the hair from your finger. After the formation of the first wave line across the entire width of the strands, the second line begins.
The second line begins on the left side of the strand. To do this, step back from the first line by 3-4 cm and pinch the hair with the middle finger of your left hand. Then the teeth of the comb are inserted into the hair close to the middle finger and, with a movement to the left, a second wave line is formed. Next, press it with the index finger of your left hand and comb the hair, starting from the finger. After this, they move to the right side of the strand and use the same techniques to finish the second line of the wave. Thus, the first wave is obtained, limited by the upper (first) and lower (second) crowns.
Subsequent waves are processed using similar techniques. Moreover, each subsequent wave begins on the side of the strand where the wave will be directed.
The direction of the wave itself depends on the direction in which the hair moves with the comb when the first crown of any wave is formed.
The last wave is processed differently: after the last crown is formed, the ends of the hair are combed from the index finger of the left hand not down, as usual, but in the direction where the hair would need to be moved with a comb to form the next crown.
Now let's get acquainted with the technological process of performing a hairstyle with a side parting. After wetting the hair with a special composition, they are combed and parted. If the parting is on the left, processing begins on the right, and vice versa. Particular attention must be paid to the location of the protruding waves. Considering that the side parting divides the scalp into unequal parts, the number of waves on them will be unequal.
Having approximately determined the required number of waves and the order of their placement on the scalp, proceed to styling. Step back from the parting by 3-4 cm and pinch the hair with the middle finger of your left hand. If it is necessary to obtain a sharper reverse frontal wave, its processing begins 5-6 cm from the parting. Then insert the teeth of the comb into the hair at the middle finger and move it to the left to give the hair the desired direction from the forehead. Next, tilt the head of the comb towards you, and use the index finger of your left hand to press the hair at the formed wave line. After this, carefully comb the hair, starting from the index finger. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the lower layers of hair are well combed. Then move the middle finger of the left hand 3-4 cm from the resulting crown and press the strips with it. Insert the teeth of the comb into the hair at the middle finger and point it to the right. In this case, you should remember that when moving the comb to the right, it is advisable to start processing the section of hair on the right side of the section.
Having completed the processing of the second crown of the reverse frontal wave, they practically begin to perform the protruding frontal wave. It is on it that the index finger of the left hand is located at this moment. All methods of its development are similar to those discussed above.
When performing cold perm hair styling in waves, special attention should be paid not only to the order of the waves on the scalp, but also to the exact connection of the wave lines on the left and right sides of the head. Depending on the hairstyle model, these lines are connected in different ways. In a side-parted hairstyle, the waves usually meet at the back of the head. In this case, the second crown of the first wave of a larger section of the scalp is connected to the first crown of the first wave of a smaller section. Thus, the first wave of the smaller segment will be connected to the second reverse wave of the larger one, and the second wave of the smaller segment will be connected to the third reverse wave of the larger one. Consequently, if the wave on one part of the head is protruding, then on the other it will be reverse.
If the hairstyle is parted in the middle, then the arrangement of the waves is completely different. A straight parting divides the scalp into two equal parts. Therefore, the number and arrangement of waves should be symmetrical, that is, the waves on the left side of the head should not differ from the waves on the right side, but connect the waves on the back of the head. In this case, the first backward wave of either side of the head is connected to the first protruding wave of the opposite side.
The process of making waves in hairstyles without a parting is no different from that discussed above. The waves on the back of the head are connected in the same order: the protruding waves of one side of the head with the reverse waves of the other side. The main direction of combing hair is from the face to the back of the head.
In a hairstyle without a parting, the shape of the waves in the areas of hair that frame the face is different from the shape of the waves at the back of the head. The waves coming towards the face have a more narrowed shape and widen in the occipital areas.
Considering that a hairstyle without a parting is usually characterized by a sharp bend in the crown line of the first wave, it should not be performed with the entire plane of the comb teeth, but only with its end.
After making waves in all areas or parts of the hair, a net is put on the head, which will protect the shape given to the hair when drying.
2. LAYOUT KA HAIR WITH TONGS
In order to learn how to master a curling iron perfectly, you need long, systematic training. The master must be able to hold the tongs correctly in his hand, as well as quickly and easily rotate them in the palm of his hand both clockwise and counterclockwise while squeezing and unclenching the working parts.
You need to hold the tongs with your right hand, with the handle of the tongs lying on the palm, placed between the thumb and forefinger. The working part of the forceps should be located on the side of the thumb and index finger.
If you need to turn the forceps clockwise, they are placed in their original position in the right hand and begin to turn with the entire hand of the right hand.
So, you need to master the techniques of using tongs so much that you can easily, effortlessly turn the tongs in any direction, leaving the working part closed, and also open and close them simultaneously with turns.
2.1 Styling curls
Despite the huge variety of existing hairstyles, their main elements are waves and curls. Changes in their appearance or relative position also lead to changes in hairstyle.
The hairstyle is made only from waves or only from curls - in any case, it can be original and unique. But the most popular hairstyles are those that combine waves and curls. The alternation of these elements, as well as their modification in individual areas of the scalp, gives each hairstyle its originality and originality.
2.2 Types of curls
According to their shape, curls are divided into several types: straight or simple, oblique, descending, vertical, crumpled and parallel in several rows.
Straight curls are considered to be curls located horizontally. If they are located in several horizontal rows, they are already called parallel.
Oblique curls. On the scalp, heads are usually located at an angle of about 45° to the vertical or horizontal.
When creating a hairstyle, crumpled curls are laid in such a way that their base has the appearance of a wave, moving further to the ends of the hair strand into a curl.
Curls whose ends come down from their middle in a spiral are called down curls. To create such curls, you need long hair - at least 20-25 cm.
2.3 Ways to style hair into curls
The downward curling method allows you to create a variety of hairstyles, although they all look a little heavy and monotonous. When curling using the “down” method, it is recommended to make the curls smaller and lighter, because with large curls the hairstyle will look rough.
Curling your curls in an “up” manner, on the contrary, gives the hairstyle lightness and airiness.
But due to the fact that curls curled up create a large wave when combed, it is not always convenient to use this one method.
Curling curls using the figure eight method allows you to create hairstyles only with fairly long hair. This curling method provides the hair with the greatest strength.
The most ideal conditions for curling hair are those in which the hair is twisted onto a tool, be it tongs, curlers or bobbins, perpendicular to its axis of rotation. This makes the curl elastic.
For curling, the thickness of the base of the hair strand should not exceed 4 cm. This condition must be met so that the hair is evenly heated. At the same time, the hair strand should not be too thin. When curling your hair into curls, you have to take into account not only the thickness, but also the length of the strand. The longer the hair strands, the thicker their layer when twisted onto the curling iron. In this regard, it is necessary to be able to adjust the length and thickness of the strand depending on the length of the hair. The longer the hair that needs to be curled, the thinner the strand of hair you need to take for curling.
Before you start curling your hair with a curling iron, you should prepare the necessary tools and equipment. To perform it you need: forceps of the required diameter; a metal or horn comb, i.e. one that does not melt under high temperature.
To curl your hair into curls, you will also need thin pins or clips to secure each curl after curling. Before curling, apply styling mousse to your hair along the entire length of your hair.
Have you ever wanted to get a new, amazing hairstyle for a special occasion? It is very easy! Prepare a heated electric hair curling iron - and a cascade of flowing curls is guaranteed (Fig. 2).
Before curling, apply styling mousse over the entire length of your hair - and you're ready to go!
1. Heat the tongs first. Then part your hair into sections, starting from the back of your head. Take a strand of hair 4-5 cm wide and curl it with curling irons.
2. Carefully release the spirally twisted strand and secure it in the middle with an invisible lock. Continue in the same way until you have twisted the last strand.
3. Release strands of hair, starting from the back of the head. To give your hair more volume and naturalness, separate the curls with your fingers along the entire length.
4. Grab a large strand of hair from both sides of your head with your fingers and twist it loosely to the very ends.
5. Now connect both strands and secure them with bobby pins at the back of your head.
6. Arrange the rest of your hair so that it falls down your back.
7. Take a little wax with your fingers and, pulling a few curls, run your hands along their entire length.
2.4 Styling hair in curls using the “Down” method
Curling hair into curls using the “down” method is performed as follows. A quarter is separated from the total mass of hair. This is done in this way: first, the entire strand is divided into two parts in width, then one of the halves is divided in half again, but not in width, but in thickness. The first top curl should be curled from the outer layer of hair. When curling hair into curls using the “down” method, the roller of the curling iron is located at the bottom, and the groove is at the top. In this position, the tongs are brought to the base of the strand.
At the moment of grasping a strand of hair with the working part of the tongs, they must be turned half-turn towards you. With this position of the tongs, there will be no bending of the strand at the point where it is grasped by the tongs, i.e., the edge of the groove of the tongs will not leave a transverse mark on the strand. It must be remembered that this position of the curling iron is mandatory at all stages of hair treatment with curling irons.
A strand of hair must be grabbed with tongs directly at the place where you want to place the curl. As soon as the hair is inserted between the groove and the roller of the tongs, you need to lightly squeeze the handles of the tongs and pull them back. During the pull, the hot tongs seem to stroke the hair and warm it up slightly. As a result of this procedure, the hair becomes more flexible. Typically, the tongs are pulled away from the place where the strand is grasped at a distance corresponding to one or two turns. Immediately after this, you need to make one or two turns with them, so that the tongs are in the place of the strand where the curl should be located. At this time, the fingers of the left hand hold the ends of the hair, slightly pulling them.
Now the curled part of the hair is processed. The tongs are opened slightly and then closed. This movement, repeated often and quickly, helps to evenly distribute the hair over the working surface of the curling iron and heat it to its full thickness.
The tongs must be pulled back to such a distance that will allow them to return to their previous position in one full turn, i.e., to the place where they initially grabbed the strand of hair. These movements should be repeated in the same order until the ends of the hair are caught between the groove and the roller. At this moment, you should not do any pulling.
Finish curling the curl as follows: turn the curling iron towards you in the direction of curling the curl until they begin to scroll through the curl freely, without resistance. At this point they can be carefully removed. In this case, you need to make sure that the ends of the hair remain in the middle of the curl.
To prevent the curl from developing, it must be secured with a clip. If this is not done, then under the influence of its own gravity, while still hot after curling, it will certainly sag.
After this, you should begin curling the next curl. The entire strand of hair is curled in this way. In this case, the main attention should be paid to ensuring that all the curls of the first row are located on the same straight line (horizontally), and the curls of the second row are below them.
Depending on the hairstyle, the curls may be positioned differently. But at the stage of mastering the skills of curling with curling irons, first of all, it is necessary to achieve the ability to position them symmetrically.
2.5 Styling curls using the “Up” method
Curling curls using the “up” method differs from the described method of curling curls “down” only in some details. The main difference is that the tongs should be applied to the strands with the groove facing down and the roller facing up. At the moment the tongs grab a strand of hair, the tongs must be turned so that the groove is located on the outside, and the roller is located on the side of the base of the strand.
In the process of grasping a strand of hair with a tong, you need to turn it up one full turn, and then begin working on the curl, while simultaneously pulling it out. When curling the curls using the “up” method, they are divided into strands in the same order as described above.
2.6 Styling curls using the “Figure Eight” method
To curl your hair into ringlets using the figure-eight method, you need a hair length of at least 20 cm. The hair is thoroughly combed until the teeth of the comb begin to pass freely from the base to the ends of the strand. After this, it is necessary to determine the number of curls and their location on the strand.
A strand of hair is taken in the left hand. Tongs heated to the desired temperature are applied to the strands. The groove of the curling iron can be at the top or bottom, depending on which direction the curl is curled. If the curl is twisted in a “downward” manner, then the groove is located on top and the roller is located on the bottom.
Just as when curling hair using the “down” method, then grab the strand with the working part of the curling iron, turning it half-turn towards you. Immediately you need to make a full turn with the tongs, stopping them in such a position that the roller is turned towards the base of the strand. At this moment, you need to slightly pull the strand of hair with your left hand.
After this, the curl is processed in the same way as when curling using the “down” method.
When the curling iron begins to rotate in the right hand, with the left hand, bring the ends of the hair down on the other side of the strand, making a figure eight with it.
It turns out that if during the first turn of the curling iron the ends of the hair, wrapping around them, were on the left side of the strand, then during the second turn they will be on the right. With each new turn of the curling iron, the ends of the hair change their position, being either to the left or to the right relative to the strand being twisted.
With this method of curling, the ends of the hair are constantly located in the middle part of the working surfaces of the curling iron, which provides the most favorable conditions for curling. The ends of the curl are processed in the same way as they were done with other methods of curling curls.
The figure eight curling method can be performed by holding the curling iron vertically and twisting the hair around it in a spiral.
Curls are shaped only after they have cooled completely. First, the curl is combed with a comb with rare teeth, and then with frequent ones.
3. STYLING WITH CURLERS
Women's hairstyles can be done using curlers, clips, brushes and a hairdryer. With this type of hair styling, the main attention should be paid to curling the hair with different types of curlers, since the quality of the resulting hairstyle depends precisely on the performance of this operation.
When curling with any type of curler, it is necessary to take into account that the width of the hair strand should not exceed the length of the curler. Failure to comply with this condition will violate a very important curling rule, which is that the hair must be perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool. The thickness of the hair strand being wound (at the base) should correspond to the diameter of the curler. This is important for fulfilling the next curling rule, which is that the strand of hair must be pulled perpendicular to the area of the scalp being treated.
Before curling your hair, you must wash it, apply a special styling compound and comb it thoroughly. From the entire mass of combed hair, you need to separate a small strand, the thickness of which should not exceed the diameter of the curler, and the width should not exceed the length of the curler. To perform this operation, it is convenient to use a comb with a tail. The hair of the treated area of the head is combed in the direction in which it will lie in the hairstyle. The comb is turned with the middle finger of the right hand with the tail facing the hair. When separating a strand of hair, hold the comb in the same way as a pencil or pen. The tip of the comb is inserted into the hair and the desired strand is parted so that it lies on the surface of the ponytail. After this, use the index finger and thumb of your left hand to remove the separated strand of hair from the surface of the ponytail.
If you don’t have a comb with a ponytail on hand, you can use an ordinary comb with rare and frequent teeth to separate strands of hair. As when using a comb with a ponytail, with your right hand and an ordinary comb, comb the section of hair intended for curling in the direction that it will be in the hairstyle. Then this area is separated from other hair by parting, and it is desirable that its width corresponds to the length of the curler. This will allow you to separate the strands for winding only by thickness, which will make further operations easier.
After parting the area intended for curling, take the hair with the palm of your left hand and, slightly pulling it away from the scalp, hold it in this position. Then a strand of the desired thickness is separated from the hair held in the hand with a comb. To do this, the teeth of the comb are inserted into the hair. In this case, the comb should move to the left parallel to the upper parting, limiting the area of hair being processed. Moreover, the distance between the existing parting and the newly formed one when moving the comb to the left should correspond to the thickness of the strand required for winding on curlers. Thus, when you move the comb to the left to the vertical parting that limits the area of hair being processed on the left side, there will be a strand at the end of the comb intended for twisting.
After this, use the index finger and thumb of your left hand to remove a separate strand from the head of the comb and at the same time release the rest of the hair. Then comb a strand of hair and begin to wind it with curlers.
This described method of separating strands for curling is used on the temporal and occipital areas of the hair. But when treating the frontal or parietal areas of the scalp, a different technique is used. The strands are separated so that they do not fall on the edge of the comb, but in its working part, i.e. between the teeth. Then the strand is combed and transferred to the left hand. After separating, the strand of hair should be held directly at its ends in a slightly taut position between the index and middle or index and thumb of the left hand.
The comb must also be placed in the left hand between the thumb and the base of the index finger.
This position of the hair strand and comb is considered the starting position for any type of horizontal curling.
Curling hair on curlers with a pressure bar is carried out as follows. The curlers are taken with the index finger and thumb of the left hand on the side where the elastic band is located. This way the curler will be turned with the desired end towards the strand of hair. Next, lightly holding the body of the curler with the palm of your right hand, open the clamping bar slightly and hold it in this position with the index and thumb of your right hand.
A strand of hair is inserted between the body of the curler and the pressure bar by moving the right hand with the curler to the left.
When the strand is between the clamping bar and the body of the curler, the thumbs of both hands press the hair with the bar to the body of the curler. In this case, the index fingers of both hands support the curlers from below. Then the curlers are pulled back so that the ends of the hair move under the pressure bar and are clamped by it. If this condition is met, then the ends of the hair will not break. After this, the fingers of the left and right hands make the first turn of the curler.
Usually the strand is wound until the curler touches the surface of the head. Do not pull the hair strand too tightly in the final stage of curling, otherwise this can lead to damage to the hair follicle and even hair loss.
The strand already wound on the curlers is secured with an elastic band with the fingers of the left or right hand. It is more convenient to perform this operation with the index and middle fingers of the right hand, holding the curlers in the left hand, and with the finger of the right hand, stretching the elastic band and hooking it onto a special protrusion on the left side of the curlers, try not to twist the hair when securing it with an elastic band.
If you have curlers without a pressure bar, then from the starting position a strand of hair is placed on the body of the curler. The role of the pressure bar is performed by the index finger of the left hand. The curlers should be pulled out as usual. When the ends of the hair are pinched with the index finger of your left hand, you can begin twisting.
As you curl, the middle and ring fingers of the left hand follow the index, which presses the ends of the hair against the body of the curler. As soon as an almost complete revolution of the curlers is completed, i.e., the ends of the strips approach the place where they are captured by the strand, the index, middle and ring fingers of the left hand begin to slide through the hair towards their ends. At the same time, the fingers of the right hand twist the curlers so that the ends of the hair are sandwiched under the strand.
The sliding movement of the fingers of the left hand towards the ends of the hair strand must be carried out simultaneously with the twisting movement of the fingers of the right hand. By performing this operation in this way, you will be able to avoid creasing the ends of your hair.
When one turn of the curler has already been made, the curling is continued with the fingers of both hands, slightly pulling the strand. If there is no elastic band, the curlers are secured in the wound position with a special pin or clamp (Fig. 3).
If you have curlers with spikes on the working surface, then winding is done as follows. From the starting position, a strand of hair is placed on the body of the curler. With this design of the curler, it is impossible to completely clamp the ends of the curled strand of hair with the index finger of the left hand. Therefore, uniform distribution of stripes on the working surface of the curlers is achieved by simply pulling the curlers from the middle of the hair strand to its ends.
The spikes on the body of the curler additionally comb the hair, straighten its ends and give the hair a perpendicular position relative to the axis of rotation of the curler. Next, winding is carried out in the same order.
Vertical hair curling with curlers is performed slightly differently than horizontal curling. A strand of hair with a base in the shape of a square rather than a rectangle is separated from the main mass. Moreover, it is desirable that the sides of this square are no larger than the diameter of the curlers and, in extreme cases, only slightly exceed it. When using curlers of this design, you must ensure that the end part with the teeth is always on the left. Only in this position can you fix them, since the configuration of the teeth allows you to hook the elastic in one direction - the opposite to the winding.
As you approach the base of the strands, gradually turning the curlers, they are transferred to a vertical position. At the very base of the strand, before making the last turn of the curler all the way, you need to lightly hold the hair with the index finger of your left hand so that it does not jump off the curler, and at this time put it in a vertical position. After this, use the index finger and thumb of your right hand to “tighten” the curlers to the end, then lightly press them to the scalp and then make a slight movement in the direction of unwinding. In this case, the teeth on the curlers will enter the hair at the base of the strand and thus the curlers will be fixed in the curled position.
Currently, flexible curlers are very widespread. With their help you can achieve almost any effect. You need to start stitching by dividing the hair on your face into three parts.
After this, wind the curlers in the backward direction (Fig. 4 a). When you finish curling the strands near your face, divide the next section of hair and curl the curlers in this row, but in the opposite direction (Fig. 4 b). In this order, continue to separate the hair and wind the rows of curlers, alternating the direction of curling (Fig. 4 c).
4. HAIR STYLING WITH A HAIRDRYER
If you need to make some areas of a woman’s hairstyle more voluminous on short hair, the hair in these places needs to be raised. It is impossible to curl such short hair with curlers. In this case, only a hair dryer will help you give your hair the desired shape.
When styling your hair with a hairdryer, use a comb or brush. Using a brush is preferable, as you can comb your hair more thoroughly than with a comb, and the hairstyle will be durable and beautiful.
Laying stripes as a background makes it possible to obtain hairstyles of various shapes and patterns. The most difficult operation when working with a hair dryer is styling your hair in waves. When doing your hair in waves, you can use both a brush and a comb. But if you want to make the wave lines sharp, then it is more advisable to use a comb.
First of all, you need to rinse your hair thoroughly, as even a small amount of oil on it will make styling difficult. After drying and combing your hair, moisten it with a decoction of flaxseed or other styling composition. Having combed the hair again, it is given the direction required for the hairstyle.
When starting to make waves, you need to take the comb in your left hand, and the hair dryer in your right. Styling waves is usually done by moving the comb and hair dryer away from you.
Now insert the teeth of the comb into the hair, moving 3-4 cm from its base. Holding the comb so that its teeth are directed perpendicular to the strand, move it to the right by 1-1.5 cm. This movement will give the hair a direction to the right, as a result which is why the first wave line (crown) is formed.
After this, the comb is turned with its teeth towards itself so that the wave line is on the teeth of the comb. Simultaneously with turning the comb, move it towards you by 0.5-1 cm,
After this, direct the hot air stream to the left to dry the resulting wave line. To make it look more natural, repeat grabbing the hair with a comb and drying it several times. Now step back from the first line of the wave by 3-4 cm, make a second line. Its implementation differs from the first crown only by changing the direction of movement of the comb and hair dryer. So the second line of the wave is formed by moving the comb to the left and turning it not towards oneself, but away from oneself. Direct the stream of hot air to the right. These movements of the hair dryer and comb must be repeated constantly.
Treatment of hair with a hairdryer and brush should begin from the parietal area. Moreover, if the hairstyle is parted, then styling begins from the parting, and for a hairstyle without a parting - from the hairline on the forehead.
Let's say you need to do your hair with a parting on the left side. To do this, take a brush in your left hand and a hair dryer in your right hand (Fig. 5).
Holding the brush with the bristles down, it is inserted into the hair from the parting on the left side.
As soon as all the bristles have entered the hair, the brush must be lifted along with the hair. At this moment, you need to slightly turn the brush so that the right edge of the bristles comes out of the hair, and the left remains in it. After this, you should slightly move the brush towards the parting and at the same time along it to the left or right. This way you can lift the front edge of the hair away from the parting. A wave line is formed in its upper part.
A stream of hot air from a hairdryer should be directed from the parting under the brush, but do it in such a way as not to burn the scalp. To dry your hair more evenly, you need to move the hair dryer along the parting in the opposite direction from the direction of the hair that was given to it by the brush to form the wave line. After moving the hair dryer along the entire brush, it is removed from the hair.
This drying process must be repeated several times until the desired shape of the hairstyle is obtained at the parting, after which you can begin processing the frontal part.
Grabbing the hair with a brush and drying it in each area must be repeated several times. With such coordinated movements of the brush and hair dryer, all hair is processed, and you can comb it in any direction.
After blow-drying all your hair, comb it with a fine-toothed comb and secure it with hairspray.
Short hair will benefit from some volume. Apply a small amount of mousse evenly to damp hair. Holding your hair firmly and lifting it with your hand, dry it with a hairdryer using a slotted nozzle with a hole. Continue until your hair is completely dry and you will have a stunning full volume hairstyle.
4.1 Blow-drying hair for small volume hairstyles
Hair styling with a hairdryer when performing small volume hairstyles is performed as follows. Comb your hair and outline the direction of the main lines of your future hairstyle. Hair styling with a hairdryer should begin from the lower occipital area of the head. Holding the brush with the teeth down, insert it into the hair strand from the inside. The width of the strand should correspond to the dimensions of the working surface of the brush. Grab a strand and lift it up slightly. In this case, the hair tension should be on the first row of brush teeth on the inside of the strand. A stream of air must be directed onto the strand and fix the resulting hair crease. Allow this section of strand to cool on the brush until completely dry. Pull the end of the strand with a brush and dry it with a hairdryer in the direction of the lines of the intended hairstyle. After this, remove the brush from the dried hair strand. Continue styling in the same way on the remaining areas of the head, gradually moving from the occipital to the frontal zone (Fig. 6 a).
A 
b
4.2 Blow-drying hair when doing hairstyles with the effect of sticking hair
Hair styling with a hairdryer when doing hairstyles with the effect of sticking hair (Fig. 6 b). Comb your hair and outline the direction of the main lines of your future hairstyle. When styling your hair with a hairdryer, you should start from the crown of the head, from the hairline above the forehead. Holding the brush with its teeth down, insert it into a strand of hair (the width of the strand corresponds to the working surface of the brush). Grab the strand with your teeth and lift it perpendicular to the surface of your head. Dry the root part of the strand by directing a hot stream of air at it from the inside or outside. Holding the strand in a vertical position, dry the ends of the hair. After the strands are completely dry, remove the air stream and allow the hair to cool in a vertical position in the brush. Remove the brush from the cooled strand of hair. In this way, style the hair on the area of the head where you want to create the effect of sticking hair.
4.3 Blow-drying hair when performing hairstyles with increased volume
Comb your hair and outline the direction of the main lines of your future hairstyle (Fig. 7).
When styling your hair with a hairdryer, you should start from the parietal area of the head from the hairline above the forehead. Holding the brush with its teeth down, insert it into a strand of hair from the inside (the width of the strand corresponds to the size of the working surface). Pull the strand captured by the brush in the direction opposite to the comb of the hair of the future hairstyle. Direct a stream of hot air to the root part of the strand and dry it. Move the brush along the strand away from you, and then rotate it towards yourself with the teeth up so that the ends of the strand are on the teeth of the brush. Smoothly bend the end of the strand in the direction of the hair comb and dry it, changing the direction of the air stream. After drying the strands, remove the air stream and allow the hair to cool on the brush. Pull the brush out of the cooled strand of hair. In this way, style hair in areas of the head where the hairstyle should have increased volume.
The romantic style in women's hairstyles is reflected in models with waves. The technology for making waves can be different. Waves are performed using electric curling irons, a hair dryer, using specially designed electric curling irons - “new wave” or the traditionally known cold method.
Hair of any structure lends itself to cold styling. To create a beautiful wave on coarse and straight hair, it is suggested to perform a light perm or use a hair styling product. To create a wave, comb your hair away from the face in the direction of the lines of the intended model. Insert the comb into the strand and move it away from the hairline with combing movements. Leave the comb in the strands in a position perpendicular to the surface of the head. At a distance of 2-3 cm from the hairline on the forehead, press the strand with the middle finger of your left hand to your head. Move the strand of hair by moving the comb from left to right along the comb blade. Hold the strand of hair forming the crown between the middle and index fingers of your left hand. Comb the hair below the index finger with several movements. Secure the wave line with a flat clamp. Now we perform the second wave line. Step back 2-3 cm from the first wave line and press your hair to your head with your middle finger. Insert the comb into the hair and move with combing movements to a distance of 2-4 cm. Leaving the comb in the strand in the 1st position, move it from right to left along the working surface of the comb to obtain the second crown. Using your index finger, press the strand forming the crown onto your middle finger. Use a flat clamp to secure the concave part of the wave between the crowns. If necessary, continue making waves to the end of the strand.
Use a diffuser to dry long hair.
What is a diffuser?
The bowl-shaped hair dryer attachment is indispensable for drying curls without additional curling. It is gentler on your hair than a straight-through hair dryer. Some hair dryers are sold complete with such diffusers. If you buy them separately, make sure they are compatible with your hair dryer.
4.4 Blow-dry your curls
1. Choose your styling mousse carefully: strong hold mousse is ideal for fine and normal hair, normal hold mousse for thick or permed hair.
2. Rub half of the mousse into the hair roots, distribute the remaining amount with your fingers along the entire length.
3. Throw your hair forward and dry it so that the air stream is directed from bottom to top.
4. When drying, lift strands of hair. And on the top of the head, hold the hair dryer a couple of centimeters above the hair. Continue until you achieve the desired effect - lots of soft curls (Fig. 8).
5. This operation is good not only for creating waves, but also for styling natural curls and chemicals.
CONCLUSION
Each person has their own hair type: some have long, some have short, some have thin, some have thick, and the list goes on and on.
All people want to be beautiful, to have their own “zest”. And to become beautiful, you must first of all put your hair in order: get a fashionable haircut, perm or style it. You can do all this yourself, but at home without the necessary and special tools it is almost impossible. That's why people go to hairdressers.
Hairdressers can be compared to wizards, because they create beauty, they make the impossible possible. To do this, they need to know all the intricacies and features of hairdressing.
In order to do hair styling, the master must know all its features. They should know:
That styling can be done cold;
That you can style your hair using curling irons;
That you can style your hair using curlers;
You can style your hair using a hair dryer.
LITERATURE
1. Gutyrya L.G. “Hairdressing Art”, M., 2000.
2. Olin P.T. “Hairstyles and hair care”, K., 1995
3. Konstantinov V. P. “Hairdressing”, K., 1987
4. Album “Zachiski for girls”, K., 1997.
5. Dobina N.S. “Home hairdressing salon.”, M., 1996
